Common
menstrual disorders include irregular menses ，painful
periods (dysmenorrhea), heavy bleeding (menorrhagia), premenstrual
syndrome (PMS) and so on.
At least two times during woman life -- first when her
periods start during adolescence (menarche) and then in the transition
to menopause -- most women will have irregular menses. Even at other
times, periods may be too frequent, not frequent enough, too short or
long, sporadic, or even absent. There are many causes of these
irregularities. Other Primary
dysmenorrhea means you've always had painful periods, ever since you
started menstruating. Secondary dysmenorrhea means that your periods
have become more painful with time. In either case, painful periods
are common, and there are medications that can alleviate cramps.
Cramps are caused by uterine contractions, which is how the lining is
pushed out. Taking an anti-inflammatory medication such as naproxen
sodium (Anaprox) before your period starts can really help. If you're
young, birth control pills can help.
Heavy bleeding, called
menorrhagia, occurs in 9% to 14% of all women and can be caused by a
number of problems. Only two-thirds of women who report heavy bleeding
actually lose enough blood to be concerned. Nonsteroidal
drugs such as ibuprofen, taken at the strength of 400 mg every four
hours, can reduce your flow up to 40 percent. Even if ibuprofen
doesn't work, this therapy is harmless at worst.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is
a symptom or collection of symptoms that occurs regularly in relation
to the menstrual cycle, with the onset of symptoms 5 to 11 days before
the onset of menses and resolution of symptoms with menses or shortly
thereafter. An exact cause of PMS has not been identified; however, it
may be related to social, cultural, biological, and psychological
factors.
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