Yin syndrome

Yang syndrome

Concept

Internal syndrome, cold syndrome, asthenia syndromes

External syndrome, heat syndrome, sthenia syndrome.

Characteristic

of symptoms

Usually asthenia cold syndrome.

Usually sthenic heat syndrome.

Clinical manifestations

Dull complexion, dispiritedness, fatigue, cold limbs, low voice, shortness of breath, bland taste, without thirst, clear and profuse urine, loose stool.

Flushed complexion, fever with preference for cold, restlessness, high voice, hoarse breath, dyspnea with sputum rale, dry mouth with thirst, scanty brownish urine, retention of dry feces.

Tongue and pulse

Pale and tender tongue, sunken and thing pulse, or sunken slow and weak pulse.

Deep reddish tongue with yellow and dry fur, powerful or slippery pulse.

External syndrome

Internal syndrome

Concept

The symptoms appearing at the primary stage of exogenous diseases caused by invasion of six pathogenic factors into the body through skin, mouth and nose.

The symptoms in disorders with deep location, usually seen at the middle and advanced stages of exogenous disease, and internal impairing diseases.

Characteristic

of symptoms

Sudden onset, short duration, shallow location.

Slowly onset, long duration, deep location.

Clinical manifestations

Fever, aversion to cold, stuffy and running nose, sore-throat and cough.

External syndrome are high fever, aversion to heat, restlessness, even coma with delirium, thirst, scanty and brownish urine, retention of feces.

Internal syndrome is dysfunction of the viscera.

Tongue and pulse

Thin and white fur, floating pulse.

Reddish tongue with yellowish fur, fast and powerful pulse.

Cold syndrome

Heat syndrome

Concept

Symptoms caused by yang asthenia or yin predomination due to invasion of cold pathogenic factors.

Symptoms caused by yang heat

Characteristic

of symptoms

Internal exuberance of cold, or consumption of yang qi by internal impairment.

Yang sthenia or yin asthenia

Clinical manifestations

Aversion to cold, or aversion to clod to cold with preference for warmth, cold limbs, huddling up in sleeping, pale or light colored complexion, moist mouth without thirst, thin sputum, saliva and snivel, clear and profuse urine, loose stool.

Fever, aversion to heat with preference to cold, flushed complexion , or flushed cheeks, thirst with preference to cold drinks, restlessness, insomnia, yellowish and sticky sputum and snivel, vomiting blood and epistaxis, scanty brownish urine ,dry feces.

Tongue and pulse

Light colored tongue with whitish moist and slippery fur, slow or tense pulse.

Reddish tongue with scanty moist, fast pulse.

Asthenia syndrome

Sthenia syndrome

Concept

Symptoms marked by asthenia of healthy qi and non-predomination of pathogenic factors.

Symptoms of predominant pathogenic factors, non-asthenia of healthy qi.

Characteristic

of symptoms

Insufficiency of yang qi, yin fluid, essence, blood and body fluid; decline of visceral functions.

Exogenous pathogenic factors invading into body, or dysfunction of the viscera leading to the accumulation of phlegm, dampness and blood stasis.

Clinical manifestations

Fatigue, shortness of breath, no desire to speak, aversion to cold, cold limbs, spontaneous sweating , clear and profuse urine, loose stool, emaciation, the five centers' feverish sensation, tidal fever, flushed cheeks, night sweating, pale complexion, dizziness, insomnia, palpitation, dry mouth, dry skin, scanty urine, dry feces.

Fever, restlessness, even coma with delirium, chest oppression, hoarse breath, exuberance of phlegm and drool, dysentery with blood and pus, tenesmus, painful string uria.

Tongue and pulse

Tender tongue with thin fur, or little fur, weak pulse.

Tough tongue, thick or greasy fur and sthenic pulse.